Reflection Report by using Gibbs Cycle using slipt lamp to examine patient eyes as student nurse in the ophthalmology Free Essay Example, 750 words

ï » ¿Gibbs Reflective Cycle Description The scenario involves a patient who was complaining of gradual loss of vision in both eyes. The patient also complained of glare from head light when driving. As observed, the patient was also wearing glasses. Feelings As a student nurse in ophthalmology, under the so-called objective structured clinical examination, I feel that there is a need to explore the patient’s complaints in order to assist the physician to come up with an accurate diagnosis pertaining to the patient’s problem and eventually to carry out doctor’s orders as well as to implement client-centered nursing interventions. Evaluation The good thing about the scenario is that the patient was able to verbalize his complaints which can pave the way to a systematic assessment of the patient’s condition. However, the not-so-good aspect of the scenario is that the patient’s complaints are very common to some other eye conditions which might be difficult to distinguish among other disorders, thereby necessitating a closer look at his case. In this regard, the complaints of the patient must be meticulously explored through obtaining a complete ophthalmic history, careful assessment of the patient’s eyes and performing a relevant diagnostic procedure like the slit-lamp examination. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection Report by using Gibbs Cycle using slipt lamp to examine patient eyes as student nurse in the ophthalmology or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Analysis As regarded above, obtaining a complete ophthalmic history, careful assessment of the patient’s eyes and performing a relevant diagnostic procedure like the slit-lamp examination are essential aspects in making a sound judgment on the patient’s case. Ophthalmic History According to Vader & Krouse (2001), an ophthalmic history encompasses the obtainment and utilization of the client’s demographic data, current clinical manifestations, past health history or past medical history (PMH), psychosocial history and lifestyle, and family health history. These facts are deemed vital and important because they can certainly assist the health providers to have an accurate evaluation and understanding about the patient’s condition. Demographic data, particularly the age and sex, are important information that nurses must get from the patient since some disorders are closely related to these pertinent data. For example, cataracts and retinal detachment most likely occur as the person ages, and some visual deficits are more common in males than in females (Black, Hawks, & Keenes, 2001). On the other hand, clinical manifestations, or signs and symptoms, such as loss of vision and glare must be suggestive of a particular visual disturbance like gl aucoma or refractive errors.

Rebel W/out A Cause Essay - 871 Words

REBEL WITHOUT A CAUSE nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Rebel Without A Cause is a movie about three troubled, identity-seeking teenagers alienated from the world of their parents (Jim Stark, Judy, and Plato). Each of the movie’s main characters is searching for understanding, companionship, and a sense of belonging, much like most of the teenagers today. Even thought the movie is dated, it depicts the main problems and concerns that teens currently face. This film offers no answers. It merely presents the problems and the viewer is left to ponder how theyll turn out. I could identify with this movie on many levels. And I think that much of the young audiences out there could as well.†¦show more content†¦The reason for this desire is because he feels the need to belong and interact. As a result, he changes his style of dressing to assimilate with the others. Nowadays the majority of the teenagers also feel the urge to comply with the various standards of a certain group to save them from alienation. A perfect example of such a case is clearly visible in the way the majority of teenagers today dress alike. Most of them state that it’s a matter of fashion and style and others say that they just want to be different. The fact of the matter is that the phenomenon of peer-pressure is involved one way or another. What teenagers do not realize is that they all end-up dressing the same exact way as the others, because the others want to be different too. On the other hand, the peer-pressure that teens face today is much more fierce and vicious than the one faced by teens in the 50’s. In our every day life peer-pressure induces teenagers to do drugs and alcohol, sex, and even criminal acts such as vandalism and murder. There are scenes in Rebel Without A Cause such as: kids shooting police officers, kids getting into fights with weapons, kids talking back to their parents and getting slapped in the face, kids running away, and kids not understan ding that they will be able to look back ten years from now and say, â€Å"How stupid of me!† The same types of scenes occur today, but the only difference is that they are beingShow MoreRelatedCuban Revolution: Success or Failure? Essay1466 Words   |  6 Pagesoverturning Batistas regime and would immediately lose power of the island and the second that they would fail and aside from being imprisoned or executed, at least they would get their cause known throughout Cuba (Goldston). It did not matter to them whether or not they would succeed. They were prepared to die in pursuit (W). When Castro and his followers began their mission, Batistas private police and army soon discovered them. The group was then imprisoned in a small island. 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Principles of Logistic Management

Question: Provide more detailed discussion and in depth analysis with adequate referencing to the logistics concepts and models. Answer: Introduction The term logistics is related with the physical inflow and outflow of goods and associated services that are beneficial for a company in terms of linking to the external world before and after the production (Kappauf, Lauterbach, and Koch, 2012). In current business environment, the main challenges faced by the manufacturing company are to produce good quality products and distribute the same to final consumer to respond to their changing needs. Effective supply chain management positively supports companies to ensure availability of right material in right quantity, at the right time, and at the right place (Israr and Gangele, 2013). The main purpose of this report is to determine the areas in which the core functional domains and logistics could interface. In addition, this report also aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the current order cycle and inventory management. Concurrently, this report also provides suggestions to improve logistics management by applying the theories an d concepts. The company selected for this report is L'Oreal. L'Oreal operates one business as beauty for more than a period of 100 years and it successfully developed its energy and competencies in this area (L'Oreal, 2015). The company provides its services to men and women worldwide by effectively meeting their beauty desires. In addition, the company is also committed to fulfil its mission and objectives in an ethical and responsible manner. Across the world, a wide range of outstanding brands are developed and marketed by LOral through the use of highly diverged distribution networks (L'Oreal, 2015). It shows that in the success and the development of the company, L'Oreal's supply chain plays an important role. It is also found that around the main business sectors, the company's supply chain is integrated and structured. The company builds three logistics teams such as the sales logistics, industrial logistics, and international logistics to make sure about the effective supply chain management (L'Oreal, 2015). All the logistics teams con sider various factors such as control of cost, service quality, productivity and quality improvement, and flexibility to ensure about the success in complex international environment. The Interfaces The interfaces between the inbound logistics or purchasing and the core functional areas such as production, marketing, and finance and accounting are increasingly become important for organizations in order to ensure firm's long-term business survival (Agrawal, 2003). The coordination among all these functions is also essential to maximize the total value delivered by the organization. In addition, it is also found that interfaces between the logistics and other functional departments is also important to ensure the optimum utilization of an enterprise's resources. For example, the interfaces between the logistics and the marketing function is important to make sure about providing final customer satisfaction. Similarly, to ensure the firm's growth and success, managers at L'Oreal might also focus on maintaining the interfaces between the logistics and other organizational functions (L'Oreal, 2015). There are several areas at L'Oreal such as field warehousing, packaging, forecasts of demand, outbound shipping, and finished goods inventory and post sales parts support in which the logistics and the firm's marketing function might interface (Kappauf, Lauterbach, Koch, 2012). Additionally, to enhance the satisfaction level of end-consumers, the marketing function at the company can interface with logistics. For example, it is necessary that purchasing department has understanding about the needs of final consumers so that the supplier relationships can be developed accordingly to increase the satisfaction level (L'Oreal, 2015). Moreover, in areas like product mix, market research, pricing decisions and promotional activities, the marketing function might interface with the logistics. It would be helpful to ensure better information flow, improved packaging, customer service, and distribution channels. Moreover, in areas like in-plant warehousing, inbound transportation, raw material and work-in-process inventory, and scheduling of material flow, the logistics and the production function might interface (Sople, 2010). In this, the development of a common boundary between logistics and production function can be beneficial to optimize production run length as well as related warehousing costs of storing the raw material, WIP and finished products (Rushton, Croucher, and Baker, 2014). It can also be stated that the interfaces between both can be beneficial to make more cost effective production at L'Oreal. In addition to the marketing and production interfaces, the finance function at L'Oreal might interface with logistics in areas like budgets and allocation of resources (L'Oreal, 2015). It is because the interfaces support in making appropriate budgets for purchasing and allocate resources appropriately. Moreover, the development of common limit between the finance and logistics function can be beneficial to reduce inventory cost, packaging cost, lower production unit costs and meet effectively with different financial needs of the business successfully (Agrawal, 2003). The below diagram shows the interface between the logistics and other organizational functions: It is clear from the above diagram that logistic function at L'Oreal might interface with marketing and production functions in areas like coordination, control conflict resolution, etc. It is also clear that all these functions might also interface with logistic functions to make effective communication link and request for logistic services. Analysis of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Current Order Processing System It is analyzed that current order processing system at L'Oreal is effective and efficient. This success can be evaluated through the data that approx 67 % of UK's women use at least one LOreal product (The Logistics Business, 2016). The logistic business at L'Oreal has the responsibility to attempt a complete review of the process in which the company's luxury product division launched the new products as well as the handling process for sales orders. It is found that a world class consultancy team managed the logistics business at L'Oreal that has practical experience to undertake a detailed analysis and also understand difficult business system (The Logistics Business, 2016). It positively supports to improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of the current order processing system. Moreover, it is also analyzed that L'Oreal analyzes key product information through Edicom's CRP flow, in which the main parameters are exchanged via EDI with some of the main trading partners (EDICOM, 2016). Such kind of analysis supports the company to automate the processing of effective provisioning orders as well as make sure about the proper supply at all times to efficiently meet the needs of each centre (The Logistics Business, 2016). But concurrently, it is also assessed that the previous order processing system was associated with some loopholes such as flexibility and suitability of current tools, and the speed at which sales order are processed. The consultancy team at L'Oreal positively supported to overcome all these issues and make the current system more effective and efficient. It is also assessed that L'Oreal uses order management software, which help the company to provide up to date order information in one place that is accessible for each sales employees throughout the company (Nas?r, Sphan, 2015). The use of such systems supports the company in a positive manner to reduce time and cost related to order processing system. For example, it is found that in order to help both beauticians and representatives, portals which include electronic product catalogue to provide demo tips, product info, and training materials are built by L'Oreal (Nas?r, Sphan, 2015). These are beneficial to design and produce products that are demanded and expected by customers. It is because electronic product catalogue include detailed information about product specifications and also product images. Furthermore, it also supported L'Oreal to improve customers satisfaction level as well as customer base. Thus, it shows that although the current order processing system of the company is effective, however in today's global business environment, it is essential for the company to organize regular monitoring and reviews in order to maintain its effectiveness and efficiency level for long-run. It is recommended to L'Oreal that it should manage changes in current order processing system as per changes in the environment and technology development to ensure its long-term success. Additionally, it can also be recommended that the company should regularly update its order management application to better serve customers through centralized order instrumentation (Nas?r, Sphan, 2015). It is also recommended that L'Oreal should effectively integarte the order management application into the order process to overcome issues related to speed and reduce delivery time. Analysis of the Effectiveness of Current Inventory Management It is analyzed that after standardizing the raw material supply processes and packaging in Europe, a supply chain cockpit was developed by L'Oreal that considers organizational KPIs and targets. It is evaluated that as a part of supply chain information system, the cockpit is connected with production planning information among 13 European plants (Jacoby, 2010). Additionally, the inventory visibility of the cockpit was also extended by linking it to over 100 suppliers through the use of both direct data exchange and a web portal from the ERP system's of the suppliers to its own. The use of this supply chain cockpit is effective to efficiently manage the inventory across the L'Oreal different branches worldwide. At the same time, it is also assessed that dissimilar to L' Oreal's competitors, the company does not implement the JIT (Just in time) stock management system (Sople, 2009). In contrast, it follows an approach to keep one month's inventory at the CFA level in the month's opening and another one month's inventory at the warehouse. It is evalauted that the use of this approach increases the company's inventory holding cost (Sople, 2009). In addition, it also causes improper forecasting resulting in lower performance as compared to other competitors. Thus, it shows that it is essential for L'Oreal to improve forecasts in order to reduce the company's inventory holding costs and increase the profit margins. In contrary, it is analyzed that the use of advance technologies such as CRP/VMI supports the company to optimize stocks as well as good delivery at point-of-sale (EDICOM, 2016). Additionally, it is also assessed that regular analysis via EDI also positively supported the company to maintain adequate inventory levels. Concurrently, it is also found that L'Oreal also uses a supply chain index methodology, which is beneficial to estimate supply chain improvemet resulting in enhancing return on invested capital and manage the cost effectively (Cecere, 2015). Concurrently, it is also found that L'Oreal developed a solution as integrated solution for industrial systems (ISIS), which is beneficial to effectively manage order management, inventory management and real-time material movement (L'Oreal, 2015). Moreover, it is also evaluated that the implementation of OM and ERP solutions together helped L'Oreal to reduce both risk and cost related to manage inventory. It is assessed that this system positively supports the company to effectively manage the current inventory level. But, at the same time, it is also evaluated that to manage a structured supply chain on an international level, it is essential that all the inventory management systems operate on real-time basis. Thus, it is recommended that the company should focus on aligning the needs of logistic function, manufacturing function and inventory management (Israr and Gangele, 2013). Additionally, it should also focus on implementing real-time applications that are available 24*7 in o rder to ensure the effective management of the inventory and ensure firm's long-term survival, growth and success. Conclusion On the basis of above discussion, it can be concluded that the interface of logistics with other organizational functions is beneficial to make sure about the optimum utilization of resources, enhance total value delivered, and provide business growth and long-run survivability. It can be stated that to reduce the production cost, enhance customer satisfaction, make effective budgets, and allocate business resources effectively, there is need to set common boundaries for logistics and different business functions including production, marketing, and finance. Moreover, it can also be summarized that at L'Oreal in different areas like customer satisfaction and service, budgets, allocation of resources, and raw material handling, and other processes, the logistics function might interface with other functions. It can also be stated that current order processing system and inventory management processes at L'Oreal are effective and efficient. In this, it is analyzed that the use of advance technological systems, software and solutions such as ISIS, ERP, OM, etc. assist the managers at the company in an effective manner to reduce cost, manage risk and gain other benefits. But, at the same time, there are some challenges such as speed, complex business nature and changing customers' needs. Thus, to effectively meet with all these challenges, it is recommended to the company that it should focus on implementing real-time application software that works 24*7 and supports in reducing the inventory handling cost. It is also recommended that L'Oreal should also implement continuous review and monitoring programs to ensure the success of order processing and inventory management systems and tools. References Agrawal, D. K. (2003) Textbook of Logistics and Supply Chain Management. UK: Macmillan. Cecere, L. (2015) LOral: A Beautiful Supply Chain. Israr, M., and Gangele, A. (2013) Logistics across the Functional Areas Logistics Considerations in System Life Cycle. International Journal of Advance Industrial Engineering, 1(3), pp 48-53. Jacoby, D. (2010) The Economist Guide To Supply Chain Management. Profile Books. Kappauf, J., Lauterbach, B. and Koch, M. (2012) Logistic Core Operations with SAP: Inventory Management, Warehousing, Transportation, and Compliance. Germany: Springer Science Business Media. Nas?r, Sphan (2015) Customer Relationship Management Strategies in the Digital Era. UK: IGI Global. Rushton, A., Croucher, P. and Baker, P. (2014) The Handbook of Logistics and Distribution Management: Understanding the Supply Chain.

The Black Death Essays - Plague, Second Plague Pandemic, Epidemics

The Black Death The Black Death The Black Death was one of the most severe plagues in its time. I am going to talk about the Black Death, which is also known as The Black Plague and The Bubonic Plague. The main area I will cover is What the affects of the Black Plague was and how is spread. The presenting symptoms of the Black Death are shivering, vomiting, headaches, giddiness, an intolerance to light, pain in the back and limbs, and a white coating on the tongue. A fever of between 103 and 106 occurs immediately. Within 24 hours coughing starts, then becomes spitting up blood. The plague is an acute disease, meaning it normally doesn't last a long time. Also, if you recover from having it you will be immune to it for the rest of your life. The Black Death is caused by the infectious agent Yersinia Pestis, also known as Pasteurella Pestis. Yersinia Pestis is a bacteria. There are two types of bacteria cells, gram-negative and gram-positive. Yersinia Pestis is gram-negative. This makes antibiotics less effective on the plague because gram-negative bacteria have a lipopolysaccharide layer over their walls that add extra protection. The lymphatic system is the system most greatly affected by the Black Death. Plague victims are notorious for having large bumps on their body called "buboes". These are in fact swollen lymph nodes filled with puss. When healthy, the lymph nodes are soft and can't be easily seen, but the spread of infection causes them to harden and become painful. They are large and obtrusive, and they sometimes turn black. This is due to breaking blood vessels, which then dry on the surface of the body, causing black bumps on the body. The largest concentrations of lymph nodes are in the neck, armpits, and groin. These epicenters swell when a person is ill because the body makes a large number of white blood cells to fight off whatever pathogen has entered the body. Lymph contains many white blood cells that help fight cancer causing and disease organisms. The "electron transport chain" function in the body is necessary to make basically all things happen in the body. Yersinia pestis releases a toxin into the body that inhibits this function from happening. So the bacteria stop the body in its tracks. This doesn't involve the lymphatic system, but is another way the plague affects the body. In the Middle Ages, people weren't sure how the plague was being spread so quickly. Now we know that fleas spread the plague. The bacterium, called Yersinia Pestis, makes its way to the upper digestive tract of the flea where it breeds and multiplies. When the flea finds a new host and drinks the blood, it regurgitates the bacteria into the host, thus infecting the host. Many people think that rats spread the Plague. This is partly true. Rats are not the direct infectors of the Plague; they are merely hosts for the fleas carrying the bacteria. The Plague can be spread through any rodent or animal that could get fleas. So the rat, cat, or prairie dog that has fleas could be considered a vector for the disease. Rodents can carry the plague, but it does not affect them, they can then pass it on to humans who will most likely die. Once the bacterium is regurgitated into the new host, it begins to multiply in the blood stream and the lymphatic system. The Bacterium travels to the liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, and brain, basically attacking the whole body at once. The system that the plague has the largest effect on is the lymphatic system, because that is where the most bacteria multiplies. As the lymph nodes swell with puss, the disease circulates through the blood stream and creates the possibility of hemorrhaging and lots of other things. The history of the bubonic plague is a sad one. Three major pandemics have occurred during the 6th, 14th, and 17th centuries. The first outbreak was known as the Plague of Justinian, named after the Byzantine emperor Justinian. 70,000 people died from the plague in Constantinople over two years. From there, the plague was transmitted to France and Italy over trade routes, causing small outbreaks for many years. The effects of this outbreak were on a large scale. In the 14th century, the worst plague of all time occurred, starting in China. This outbreak became known as the Black Death. From China, the plague spread to Europe by two routes. Because China was a major trading center, the plague easily spread on ships. Also, the Tartars carried the plague closer to Europe and

Briggs-Rauscher Oscillating Color Change Reaction

Briggs-Rauscher Oscillating Color Change Reaction The Briggs-Rauscher reaction, also known as the oscillating clock, is one of the most common demonstrations of a chemical oscillator reaction. The reaction begins when three colorless solutions are mixed together. The color of the resulting mixture will oscillate between clear, amber, and deep blue for about 3-5 minutes. The solution ends up as a blue-black mixture. Solution A Add 43 g potassium iodate (KIO3) to ~800 mL distilled water. Stir in 4.5 mL sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Continue stirring until the potassium iodate is dissolved. Dilute to 1 L. Solution B Add 15.6 g malonic acid (HOOCCH2COOH) and 3.4 g manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4 . H2O) to ~800 mL distilled water. Add 4 g of vitex starch. Stir until dissolved. Dilute to 1 L. Solution C Dilute 400 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to 1 L. Materials 300 mL of each solution1 L beakerstirring platemagnetic stir bar Procedure Place the stirring bar into the large beaker.Pour 300 mL each of solutions A and B into the beaker.Turn on the stirring plate. Adjust the speed to produce a large vortex.Add 300 mL of solution C into the beaker. Be sure to add solution C after mixing solutions A B or else the demonstration will not work. Enjoy! Notes This demonstration evolves iodine. Wear safety goggles and gloves and perform the demonstration in a well-ventilated room, preferably under a ventilation hood. Use care when preparing the solutions, as the chemicals include strong irritants and oxidizing agents. Clean Up Neutralize the iodine by reducing it to iodide. Add ~10 g sodium thiosulfate to the mixture. Stir until the mixture becomes colorless. The reaction between iodine and thiosulfate is exothermic and the mixture may be hot. Once cool, the neutralized mixture may be washed down the drain with water. The Briggs-Rauscher Reaction IO3- 2 H2O2 CH2(CO2H)2 H ICH(CO2H)2 2 O2 3 H2O This reaction can be broken into two component reactions: IO3- 2 H2O2 H HOI 2 O2 2 H2O This reaction can occur by a radical process which is turned on when I- concentration is low, or by a nonradical process when the I- concentration is high. Both processes reduce iodate to hypoiodous acid. The radical process forms hypoiodous acid at a much faster rate than the nonradical process. The HOI product of the first component reaction is a reactant in the second component reaction: HOI CH2(CO2H)2 ICH(CO2H)2 H2O This reaction also consists of two component reactions: I- HOI H I2 H2O I2CH2(CO2H)2 ICH2(CO2H)2 H I- The amber color results from the production of the I2. The I2 forms because of the rapid production of HOI during the radical process. When the radical process is occurring, HOI is created faster than it can be consumed. Some of the HOI is used while excess is reduced by hydrogen peroxide to I-. The increasing I- concentration reaches a point at which the nonradical process takes over. However, the nonradical process does not produce HOI nearly as fast as the radical process, so the amber color begins to clear as I2 is consumed more quickly than it can be created. Eventually the I- concentration drops low enough for the radical process to restart so the cycle can repeat itself. The deep blue color is the result of the I- and I2 binding to the starch present in the solution.​ Source B. Z. Shakhashiri, 1985, Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry, vol. 2, pp. 248-256.

Racial Profiling versus Behavioral Profiling Research Paper

Racial Profiling versus Behavioral Profiling - Research Paper Example In today’s digital age, millions of profiles are floating around the Internet detailing the intimate details of individuals for the entire world to see. In short, there are many reasons why profiles are in existence today. Profiling has since taken on a deeper and more potent use for law enforcement personnel around the world, but particularly in the United States. Due to recent violent and tumultuous tragedies, including international and domestic instances of terrorism, racial and behavioral profiling has become the norm by which certain individuals are targeted as potential threats. Some would argue the ability to identify potential threats to human society, regardless if they are proven or not, is a highly useful tool that law enforcement personnel have to choice but to employ. Others would argue that they should never be targeted simply because of their race or their propensity to behave in a certain way, regardless of the actions they might be profiled to have the potent ial to commit. This paper will look at two main types of criminal profiling in use today, racial and behavioral, and weigh the arguments for and against the continued deployment of the technique. In the end, a solid conclusion will be reached as to the potential advantages and disadvantages of each moving forward. Racial Profiling Explained Simply put, racial profiling is term used to described that process by which an individual or public agency, typically law enforcement personnel, look at the race of ethnicity of an individual and use that as a primary determinant when deciding whether or not to question the person further (Bou-Habib, 2011, p. 33). The use of racial profiling is most commonly employed in the United States when making traffic stops or in making an arrest. Needless to say, racial profiling has become quite controversial, even prompting many localities to declare the practice illegal. There are strong voices on both sides of issues who either claim the practice of r acial profiling is beneficial to society or that it pushes society back to pre Civil Rights era human rights violations. Through the years, multiple definitions have been presented to describe racial profiling in an attempt either to validate its use, or to demonize it. As mentioned, the most commonly held belief is that racial profiling is used by law enforcement to determine if a particular individual may have been involved in a crime. This determination is made on the basis of a person’s race, ethnicity, or national origin. When compared to recent crime statistics in the area, an individual may be targeted by police on the basis of these characteristics alone (Higgins, 2008, p. 2). When using racial profiling in this manner, law enforcement do not consider the actual behavior of the individual in determining whether or not to question and suspect them of a crime. Some consider racial profiling to be an inappropriate use of power. This viewpoint takes the position that poli ce who use such profiling tactics are racially biased and use the race and ethnicity of an individual as the sole determining factor when deciding to intervene and question an individual. They argue that since the behavior of the person was not called into question, the very fact that the individual is being targeted is paramount to racial injustice and that the practice should immediately cease to exist (Higgins, 2008, p

Popular Music - No Suprises by Radio Head Essay

Popular Music - No Suprises by Radio Head - Essay Example Popular music is everything about the new power the digital technology has given. It is about the synthesis of creative ideas over sophisticated technology. The concept of tracks, multi track recording, mixing, mastering and audio effects was unknown in the beginning of the last century. With the transition of the globe from the industrial era into the silicon era marked with the steady rise in popularity of computer systems and its various innovative digital systems work was simplified, automated and refined by leaps and bound. Similarly in the area of music, makers of music have extensively benefitted from the ready availability of technology at hand to simply work and increase productivity. The effect – more number of albums released, bigger and more complex musical projects executed with ease, a stark change in the ‘sound’ of the music from the early 20th century to late 20th century. Similarly, application, perception and the entire perspective of music has undergone a change. From being used as a tool to organise movements, address social and humanitarian issues, identify a community to usage for pure entertainment address global issues and most importantly for making a living out of music. In the next sections of the paper we will be discussing about Popular Music in far greater detail with literature review, detailed analysis of popular music track ‘No Surprises’ by contemporary pop band Radio Head. When we discuss about Popular Music we discuss about culture. We are trying to observe musical details of a musical genre that has overtaken the world in the last century and has now become mainstream or in other words popular. No Surprises – Analysis of Video On listening to the music video No Surprises by Radio head one can instantly relate to the sadness in which the narrator/singer is drowned into. The music, the visual elements, the background images, the lyrics, light effects, sound effects, vocal tone and modulation all convey just one message – a suppressed agony that needs to be vented out. On listening to the songs and watching the associated visual this feeling of gloom becomes even more clear and distinct. The rising water level in the water tight glass capsule holding the head of the vocalist Thom Yorke is symbolic of the larger issues and the common saying, â€Å"keeping the head over water†. Here in this video he dawns a lifeless expression while he sings the songs with the water level rising in his glass helmet until he gets totally submerged inside it. He barely manages to keep his head over the water. The water here symbolises various issues: social, political, econom ic, humanitarian, relationships, emotional etc. All of these things are depicted to be going out of control and taking the unexpected path, creating strife and rifts among people. Lyric setting The song talks about a man’s burden of life. It talks about the heaviness in the heart due to various reasons and circumstance prevailing in his life and his surrounding including a government that has betrayed its loyal citizens, a job that leaves nothing in life and a growing distance between people and their emotions. Everyone is in their own frenzied pursuitof goals and aspirations without caring for the larger good and the simpler things in life. The narrator of the song has a lot of things to say and he does it through this simple lyrical poetry with minimum usage of words and